fix(chat): make cached media load on safari

src/app/chat/components/fullscreen-image-viewer.tsx

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
  */
 import { ChevronLeft } from "lucide-react";
 import Image from "next/image";
-import { useEffect } from "react";
+import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
 
 import {
   isBrowserLocalChatImageSource,
@@ -39,11 +39,13 @@ export function FullscreenImageViewer({
   onUnlockImagePaywall,
   onClose,
 }: FullscreenImageViewerProps) {
-  const { mediaUrl } = useCachedChatMediaUrl({
-    messageId,
-    remoteUrl: imageUrl,
-    kind: "image",
-  });
+  const { mediaUrl, isUsingCachedMedia, reportMediaError } =
+    useCachedChatMediaUrl({
+      messageId,
+      remoteUrl: imageUrl,
+      kind: "image",
+    });
+  const [imageErrorSrc, setImageErrorSrc] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const handleKey = (e: KeyboardEvent) => {
@@ -55,6 +57,15 @@ export function FullscreenImageViewer({
 
   const src = normalizeChatImageSource(mediaUrl || imageUrl);
   const shouldUseNativeImage = isBrowserLocalChatImageSource(src);
+  const hasImageError = imageErrorSrc === src;
+
+  const handleImageError = () => {
+    if (isUsingCachedMedia) {
+      reportMediaError();
+      return;
+    }
+    setImageErrorSrc(src);
+  };
 
   if (imagePaywalled) {
     return (
@@ -68,6 +79,7 @@ export function FullscreenImageViewer({
             src={src}
             alt=""
             className={`${styles.nativePaywallImage} ${styles.paywallImage}`}
+            onError={handleImageError}
           />
         ) : (
           <Image
@@ -76,6 +88,7 @@ export function FullscreenImageViewer({
             fill
             sizes="(max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px"
             className={styles.paywallImage}
+            onError={handleImageError}
           />
         )}
         <div className={styles.paywallScrim} aria-hidden="true" />
@@ -108,16 +121,14 @@ export function FullscreenImageViewer({
       role="dialog"
       aria-label="Fullscreen image"
     >
-      {shouldUseNativeImage ? (
+      {hasImageError ? (
+        <div className="error">🖼</div>
+      ) : shouldUseNativeImage ? (
         <img
           src={src}
           alt=""
           className={styles.viewerImage}
-          onError={(e) => {
-            e.currentTarget.style.display = "none";
-            (e.currentTarget.parentElement as HTMLElement).innerHTML =
-              '<div class="error">🖼</div>';
-          }}
+          onError={handleImageError}
         />
       ) : (
         <Image
@@ -126,11 +137,7 @@ export function FullscreenImageViewer({
           width={800}
           height={800}
           className={styles.viewerImage}
-          onError={(e) => {
-            (e.currentTarget as HTMLImageElement).style.display = "none";
-            (e.currentTarget.parentElement as HTMLElement).innerHTML =
-              '<div class="error">🖼</div>';
-          }}
+          onError={handleImageError}
         />
       )}
     </div>

src/app/chat/components/image-bubble.tsx

@@ -34,16 +34,26 @@ export function ImageBubble({
   imagePaywalled = false,
 }: ImageBubbleProps) {
   const router = useRouter();
-  const [error, setError] = useState(false);
-  const { mediaUrl } = useCachedChatMediaUrl({
-    messageId,
-    remoteUrl: imageUrl,
-    kind: "image",
-  });
+  const [errorSrc, setErrorSrc] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const { mediaUrl, isUsingCachedMedia, reportMediaError } =
+    useCachedChatMediaUrl({
+      messageId,
+      remoteUrl: imageUrl,
+      kind: "image",
+    });
 
   const src = normalizeChatImageSource(mediaUrl || imageUrl);
   const canOpen = Boolean(messageId);
   const shouldUseNativeImage = isBrowserLocalChatImageSource(src);
+  const error = errorSrc === src;
+
+  const handleImageError = () => {
+    if (isUsingCachedMedia) {
+      reportMediaError();
+      return;
+    }
+    setErrorSrc(src);
+  };
 
   const openImage = () => {
     if (!messageId) return;
@@ -73,7 +83,7 @@ export function ImageBubble({
           className={styles.image}
           src={src}
           alt=""
-          onError={() => setError(true)}
+          onError={handleImageError}
         />
       ) : (
         <Image
@@ -82,7 +92,7 @@ export function ImageBubble({
           alt=""
           width={240}
           height={240}
-          onError={() => setError(true)}
+          onError={handleImageError}
         />
       )}
       {!error && imagePaywalled ? (

src/app/chat/components/voice-bubble.tsx

@@ -27,12 +27,13 @@ export function VoiceBubble({
 }: VoiceBubbleProps) {
   const audioRef = useRef<HTMLAudioElement>(null);
   const [isPlaying, setIsPlaying] = useState(false);
-  const [hasError, setHasError] = useState(false);
-  const { mediaUrl } = useCachedChatMediaUrl({
-    messageId,
-    remoteUrl: audioUrl,
-    kind: "audio",
-  });
+  const [errorMediaUrl, setErrorMediaUrl] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const { mediaUrl, isUsingCachedMedia, reportMediaError } =
+    useCachedChatMediaUrl({
+      messageId,
+      remoteUrl: audioUrl,
+      kind: "audio",
+    });
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const audio = audioRef.current;
@@ -42,7 +43,11 @@ export function VoiceBubble({
     const handlePause = () => setIsPlaying(false);
     const handlePlay = () => setIsPlaying(true);
     const handleError = () => {
-      setHasError(true);
+      if (isUsingCachedMedia) {
+        reportMediaError();
+        return;
+      }
+      setErrorMediaUrl(mediaUrl);
       setIsPlaying(false);
     };
 
@@ -56,7 +61,9 @@ export function VoiceBubble({
       audio.removeEventListener("play", handlePlay);
       audio.removeEventListener("error", handleError);
     };
-  }, []);
+  }, [isUsingCachedMedia, mediaUrl, reportMediaError]);
+
+  const hasError = errorMediaUrl === mediaUrl;
 
   const handleToggle = () => {
     if (locked) return;
@@ -70,7 +77,7 @@ export function VoiceBubble({
     }
 
     void audio.play().catch(() => {
-      setHasError(true);
+      setErrorMediaUrl(mediaUrl);
       setIsPlaying(false);
     });
   };
@@ -125,7 +132,9 @@ export function VoiceBubble({
           </>
         ) : null}
       </div>
-      {!locked ? <audio ref={audioRef} src={mediaUrl} preload="metadata" /> : null}
+      {!locked ? (
+        <audio ref={audioRef} src={mediaUrl} preload="metadata" />
+      ) : null}
     </div>
   );
 }

src/data/repositories/chat_media_cache_coordinator.ts

@@ -109,10 +109,13 @@ export class ChatMediaCacheCoordinator {
       );
     }
 
-    const blob = await response.blob();
-    if (blob.size <= 0) {
-      throw new Error("Media download returned an empty blob.");
+    const bytes = await response.arrayBuffer();
+    if (bytes.byteLength <= 0) {
+      throw new Error("Media download returned empty bytes.");
     }
+    const mimeType =
+      response.headers.get("content-type") ||
+      fallbackChatMediaMimeType(input.kind);
 
     const saveResult = await this.mediaStorage.saveMedia({
       cacheKey,
@@ -120,11 +123,8 @@ export class ChatMediaCacheCoordinator {
       messageId: input.messageId,
       kind: input.kind,
       remoteUrl: input.remoteUrl,
-      blob,
-      mimeType:
-        blob.type ||
-        response.headers.get("content-type") ||
-        fallbackChatMediaMimeType(input.kind),
+      bytes,
+      mimeType,
     });
     if (Result.isErr(saveResult)) throw saveResult.error;
     void requestBrowserPersistentStorageOnce();

src/data/repositories/interfaces/ichat_repository.ts

@@ -69,12 +69,12 @@ export interface IChatRepository {
   /** 获取本地消息数量。 */
   getLocalMessageCount(): Promise<Result<number>>;
 
-  /** 获取本地缓存的图片 / 音频 Blob。 */
+  /** 获取本地缓存的图片 / 音频。 */
   getCachedMedia(
     input: ChatMediaLookupInput,
   ): Promise<Result<LocalChatMediaRow | null>>;
 
-  /** 下载并缓存远程图片 / 音频 Blob。 */
+  /** 下载并缓存远程图片 / 音频。 */
   cacheRemoteMedia(
     input: CacheRemoteChatMediaInput,
   ): Promise<Result<LocalChatMediaRow>>;

src/data/storage/chat/local_chat_db.ts

@@ -39,7 +39,10 @@ export interface LocalChatMediaRow {
   messageId: string;
   kind: ChatMediaKind;
   remoteUrl: string;
-  blob: Blob;
+  /** v3+ stores raw bytes instead of Blob to avoid iOS WebKit Blob URL issues. */
+  bytes?: ArrayBuffer;
+  /** Legacy v2 field. Read-only fallback for users who already have cached media. */
+  blob?: Blob;
   mimeType: string;
   byteSize: number;
   createdAt: number;

src/data/storage/chat/local_chat_media_storage.ts

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ export interface SaveLocalChatMediaInput {
   messageId: string;
   kind: ChatMediaKind;
   remoteUrl: string;
-  blob: Blob;
+  bytes: ArrayBuffer;
   mimeType: string;
 }
 
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ export class LocalChatMediaStorage {
     try {
       const row = (await this.db.media.get(cacheKey)) ?? null;
       if (row) {
-        await this.db.media.update(cacheKey, {
-          lastAccessedAt: Date.now(),
-        });
+        const normalizedRow = await this.normalizeLegacyMediaRow(row);
+        await this.db.media.update(cacheKey, { lastAccessedAt: Date.now() });
+        return Result.ok(normalizedRow);
       }
       return Result.ok(row);
     } catch (e) {
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ export class LocalChatMediaStorage {
         messageId: input.messageId,
         kind: input.kind,
         remoteUrl: input.remoteUrl,
-        blob: input.blob,
+        bytes: input.bytes,
         mimeType: input.mimeType,
-        byteSize: input.blob.size,
+        byteSize: input.bytes.byteLength,
         createdAt: existing?.createdAt ?? now,
         updatedAt: now,
         lastAccessedAt: now,
@@ -85,4 +85,35 @@ export class LocalChatMediaStorage {
       return Result.err(e);
     }
   }
+
+  private async normalizeLegacyMediaRow(
+    row: LocalChatMediaRow,
+  ): Promise<LocalChatMediaRow> {
+    if (row.bytes && row.bytes.byteLength > 0) return row;
+    if (!row.blob || row.blob.size <= 0) return row;
+
+    const bytes = await row.blob.arrayBuffer();
+    const now = Date.now();
+    const normalizedRow: LocalChatMediaRow = {
+      cacheKey: row.cacheKey,
+      ownerKey: row.ownerKey,
+      messageId: row.messageId,
+      kind: row.kind,
+      remoteUrl: row.remoteUrl,
+      bytes,
+      mimeType:
+        row.mimeType || row.blob.type || fallbackMediaMimeType(row.kind),
+      byteSize: bytes.byteLength,
+      createdAt: row.createdAt,
+      updatedAt: now,
+      lastAccessedAt: now,
+    };
+
+    await this.db.media.put(normalizedRow);
+    return normalizedRow;
+  }
+}
+
+function fallbackMediaMimeType(kind: ChatMediaKind): string {
+  return kind === "image" ? "image/*" : "audio/mpeg";
 }

src/lib/chat/__tests__/chat_media_blob.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+import type { LocalChatMediaRow } from "@/data/storage/chat";
+
+import { localChatMediaRowToBlob } from "../chat_media_blob";
+
+function makeMediaRow(
+  overrides: Partial<LocalChatMediaRow> = {},
+): LocalChatMediaRow {
+  return {
+    cacheKey: "user:u1:msg-1:image",
+    ownerKey: "user:u1",
+    messageId: "msg-1",
+    kind: "image",
+    remoteUrl: "https://example.com/a.jpg",
+    mimeType: "image/jpeg",
+    byteSize: 3,
+    createdAt: 1,
+    updatedAt: 1,
+    lastAccessedAt: 1,
+    ...overrides,
+  };
+}
+
+describe("chat media blob helpers", () => {
+  it("creates a blob from cached bytes", async () => {
+    const blob = localChatMediaRowToBlob(
+      makeMediaRow({
+        bytes: new Uint8Array([1, 2, 3]).buffer,
+      }),
+    );
+
+    if (!blob) throw new Error("Expected bytes row to produce a blob.");
+    expect(blob.type).toBe("image/jpeg");
+    expect(Array.from(new Uint8Array(await blob.arrayBuffer()))).toEqual([
+      1, 2, 3,
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  it("supports legacy blob rows", async () => {
+    const blob = localChatMediaRowToBlob(
+      makeMediaRow({
+        bytes: undefined,
+        blob: new Blob([new Uint8Array([4, 5])], { type: "image/png" }),
+        mimeType: "",
+      }),
+    );
+
+    if (!blob) throw new Error("Expected legacy blob row to produce a blob.");
+    expect(blob.type).toBe("image/png");
+    expect(Array.from(new Uint8Array(await blob.arrayBuffer()))).toEqual([
+      4, 5,
+    ]);
+  });
+});

src/lib/chat/chat_media_blob.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import type { LocalChatMediaRow } from "@/data/storage/chat";
+
+export function localChatMediaRowToBlob(
+  row: LocalChatMediaRow,
+): Blob | null {
+  if (row.bytes && row.bytes.byteLength > 0) {
+    const mimeType = row.mimeType || fallbackMediaMimeType(row.kind);
+    return new Blob([row.bytes], { type: mimeType });
+  }
+
+  if (row.blob && row.blob.size > 0) {
+    const mimeType =
+      row.mimeType || row.blob.type || fallbackMediaMimeType(row.kind);
+    return new Blob([row.blob], { type: mimeType });
+  }
+
+  return null;
+}
+
+function fallbackMediaMimeType(kind: LocalChatMediaRow["kind"]): string {
+  return kind === "image" ? "image/*" : "audio/mpeg";
+}

src/lib/chat/chat_media_cache_client.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import type { ChatMediaKind } from "@/data/dto/chat";
 import { getChatRepository } from "@/data/repositories/chat_repository";
 import { Result, type Result as ResultT } from "@/utils";
 
+import { localChatMediaRowToBlob } from "./chat_media_blob";
+
 export interface ResolveCachedChatMediaBlobInput {
   messageId: string;
   kind: ChatMediaKind;
@@ -19,7 +21,8 @@ export async function resolveCachedChatMediaBlob(
 ): Promise<ResultT<Blob | null>> {
   const result = await getChatRepository().getCachedMedia(input);
   if (Result.isErr(result)) return result;
-  return Result.ok(result.data?.blob ?? null);
+  if (!result.data) return Result.ok(null);
+  return Result.ok(localChatMediaRowToBlob(result.data));
 }
 
 export async function cacheRemoteChatMediaBlob(
@@ -27,5 +30,7 @@ export async function cacheRemoteChatMediaBlob(
 ): Promise<ResultT<Blob>> {
   const result = await getChatRepository().cacheRemoteMedia(input);
   if (Result.isErr(result)) return result;
-  return Result.ok(result.data.blob);
+  const blob = localChatMediaRowToBlob(result.data);
+  if (!blob) return Result.err(new Error("Cached media has no readable bytes."));
+  return Result.ok(blob);
 }

src/lib/chat/use_cached_chat_media_url.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 "use client";
 
-import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
 
 import type { ChatMediaKind } from "@/data/dto/chat";
-import { Result } from "@/utils";
+import { BrowserDetector, Logger, PlatformDetector, Result } from "@/utils";
 
 import {
   cacheRemoteChatMediaBlob,
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ import {
 } from "./chat_media_cache_client";
 import { isCacheableRemoteChatMediaUrl } from "./chat_media_url";
 
+const log = new Logger("LibChatUseCachedChatMediaUrl");
+
 export interface UseCachedChatMediaUrlInput {
   messageId?: string | null;
   remoteUrl?: string | null;
@@ -20,11 +22,14 @@ export interface UseCachedChatMediaUrlInput {
 export interface UseCachedChatMediaUrlOutput {
   mediaUrl: string;
   isUsingCachedMedia: boolean;
+  reportMediaError: () => void;
 }
 
 interface CachedMediaUrlState {
   key: string;
-  objectUrl: string;
+  mediaUrl: string;
+  objectUrl: string | null;
+  source: "data-url" | "object-url";
 }
 
 export function useCachedChatMediaUrl({
@@ -35,6 +40,8 @@ export function useCachedChatMediaUrl({
   const [cachedState, setCachedState] = useState<CachedMediaUrlState | null>(
     null,
   );
+  const cachedStateRef = useRef<CachedMediaUrlState | null>(null);
+  const [failedCacheKey, setFailedCacheKey] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const fallbackUrl = remoteUrl ?? "";
   const stateKey =
     messageId && remoteUrl ? `${messageId}:${kind}:${remoteUrl}` : "";
@@ -43,27 +50,28 @@ export function useCachedChatMediaUrl({
     if (
       !messageId ||
       !remoteUrl ||
-      !isCacheableRemoteChatMediaUrl(remoteUrl)
+      !isCacheableRemoteChatMediaUrl(remoteUrl) ||
+      failedCacheKey === stateKey
     ) {
       return;
     }
 
     let cancelled = false;
-    let objectUrl: string | null = null;
 
-    const applyBlob = (blob: Blob) => {
-      const nextObjectUrl = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
-      objectUrl = nextObjectUrl;
+    const applyBlob = async (blob: Blob) => {
+      const nextUrl = await createCachedMediaUrl(blob);
       if (cancelled) {
-        URL.revokeObjectURL(nextObjectUrl);
+        revokeCachedMediaUrl(nextUrl);
         return;
       }
       setCachedState((previous) => {
-        if (previous) URL.revokeObjectURL(previous.objectUrl);
-        return {
+        if (previous) revokeCachedMediaUrl(previous);
+        const nextState = {
           key: stateKey,
-          objectUrl: nextObjectUrl,
+          ...nextUrl,
         };
+        cachedStateRef.current = nextState;
+        return nextState;
       });
     };
 
@@ -75,7 +83,7 @@ export function useCachedChatMediaUrl({
       if (cancelled) return;
 
       if (Result.isOk(cachedResult) && cachedResult.data) {
-        applyBlob(cachedResult.data);
+        await applyBlob(cachedResult.data);
         return;
       }
 
@@ -87,27 +95,104 @@ export function useCachedChatMediaUrl({
       if (cancelled) return;
 
       if (Result.isOk(cacheResult)) {
-        applyBlob(cacheResult.data);
+        await applyBlob(cacheResult.data);
       }
     };
 
-    void resolveCachedMedia();
+    void resolveCachedMedia().catch((error) => {
+      log.warn("[chat-media] cached media url resolve failed", {
+        messageId,
+        kind,
+        remoteUrl,
+        error,
+      });
+    });
 
     return () => {
       cancelled = true;
-      if (objectUrl) URL.revokeObjectURL(objectUrl);
     };
-  }, [kind, messageId, remoteUrl, stateKey]);
+  }, [failedCacheKey, kind, messageId, remoteUrl, stateKey]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    return () => {
+      if (cachedStateRef.current) revokeCachedMediaUrl(cachedStateRef.current);
+      cachedStateRef.current = null;
+    };
+  }, []);
+
+  const reportMediaError = () => {
+    if (cachedState?.key !== stateKey) return;
+    log.warn("[chat-media] cached media url failed, fallback to remote url", {
+      messageId,
+      kind,
+      remoteUrl,
+      source: cachedState.source,
+    });
+    setFailedCacheKey(stateKey);
+    setCachedState((previous) => {
+      if (previous) revokeCachedMediaUrl(previous);
+      cachedStateRef.current = null;
+      return null;
+    });
+  };
 
   if (cachedState?.key === stateKey) {
     return {
-      mediaUrl: cachedState.objectUrl,
+      mediaUrl: cachedState.mediaUrl,
       isUsingCachedMedia: true,
+      reportMediaError,
     };
   }
 
   return {
     mediaUrl: fallbackUrl,
     isUsingCachedMedia: false,
+    reportMediaError,
   };
 }
+
+async function createCachedMediaUrl(
+  blob: Blob,
+): Promise<Omit<CachedMediaUrlState, "key">> {
+  if (shouldUseDataUrlForCachedMedia()) {
+    return {
+      mediaUrl: await blobToDataUrl(blob),
+      objectUrl: null,
+      source: "data-url",
+    };
+  }
+
+  const objectUrl = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
+  return {
+    mediaUrl: objectUrl,
+    objectUrl,
+    source: "object-url",
+  };
+}
+
+function revokeCachedMediaUrl(
+  state: Pick<CachedMediaUrlState, "objectUrl">,
+): void {
+  if (state.objectUrl) URL.revokeObjectURL(state.objectUrl);
+}
+
+function shouldUseDataUrlForCachedMedia(): boolean {
+  return PlatformDetector.isIOS() && BrowserDetector.isSafari();
+}
+
+function blobToDataUrl(blob: Blob): Promise<string> {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const reader = new FileReader();
+    reader.addEventListener("load", () => {
+      if (typeof reader.result === "string") {
+        resolve(reader.result);
+        return;
+      }
+      reject(new Error("Media blob could not be converted to a data URL."));
+    });
+    reader.addEventListener("error", () => {
+      reject(reader.error ?? new Error("Media blob data URL read failed."));
+    });
+    reader.readAsDataURL(blob);
+  });
+}